Body image refers to an individual’s perception of their entire body or the spatial arrangement of its parts. The establishment of this image involves subconscious mental representations or spatial images (referred to as body schema), which, when brought to conscious awareness, form the basis of body image. Consequently, some individuals view body image and body schema as interchangeable terms.

Body image is shaped by an individual’s perceptions and experiences related to their body, with each person possessing a unique body image. Moreover, body image is not static but subject to change based on various influences affecting the body. Alterations in body form and function resulting from factors such as aging, surgical interventions (e.g., mastectomy, hysterectomy, laryngectomy, colostomy, organ transplant), and functional impairments due to accidents or illnesses (e.g., paralysis, burns, amputation) contribute to changes in body image. These changes exhibit significant variability among individuals, influenced by factors such as age, education, living environment, support systems, values, and coping abilities. Rectifying such changes necessitates considerable time and financial resources. As body image constitutes a component of an individual’s self-concept, nurses play a crucial role in providing support for the rebuilding and correction of body image perceptions. This assistance is integral to promoting the overall well-being and self-esteem of individuals undergoing changes in their body image.

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